CELEX:62021CJ0280: Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 12 January 2023.#P.I. v Migracijos departamentas prie Lietuvos Respublikos vidaus reikalų ministerijos.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Area of freedom, security and justice – Common asylum policy – Eligibility for refugee status – Directive 2011/95/EU – Article 10(1)(e) and (2) – Reasons for persecution – Concepts of ‘political opinion’ and ‘attributed political opinion’ – Attempts by an applicant for asylum to defend himself, in his country of origin, by legal means against non-State actors acting illegally and in a position to exploit the mechanism by which that State imposes penalties for criminal offences.#Case C-280/21.

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CELEX:62021CJ0395: Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 12 January 2023.#D.V. v M.A.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Unfair terms in consumer contracts – Directive 93/13/EEC – Contract for the provision of legal services concluded between a lawyer and a consumer – Article 4(2) – Assessment of the unfairness of contractual terms – Exclusion of terms relating to the main subject matter of the contract – Term providing for the payment of lawyers’ fees on the basis of an hourly rate – Article 6(1) – Powers of the national court when dealing with a term considered to be ‘unfair’.#Case C-395/21.

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CELEX:62021CJ0356: Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 12 January 2023.#J.K. v TP S.A.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Equal treatment in employment and occupation – Directive 2000/78/EC – Article 3(1)(a) and (c) – Conditions for access to self-employment – Employment and working conditions – Prohibition of discrimination based on sexual orientation – Self-employed person working on the basis of a contract for specific work – Termination and non-renewal of contract – Freedom to choose a contracting party.#Case C-356/21.

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CELEX:62021CJ0057:           Urteil des Gerichtshofs (Zweite Kammer) vom 12. Januar 2023.#RegioJet a. s. gegen České dráhy a.s. und Česká republika, Ministerstvo dopravy.#Vorlage zur Vorabentscheidung – Wettbewerb – Missbrauch einer beherrschenden Stellung – Vorschriften für Schadensersatzklagen nach nationalem Recht wegen Zuwiderhandlungen gegen wettbewerbsrechtliche Bestimmungen der Mitgliedstaaten und der Europäischen Union – Richtlinie 2014/104/EU – Art. 5 und 6 – Offenlegung von Beweismitteln – Beweismittel in den Akten einer Wettbewerbsbehörde – Bei der Europäischen Kommission anhängiges Verfahren wegen einer Zuwiderhandlung gegen die Wettbewerbsregeln – Nationales Verfahren über eine Schadensersatzklage wegen derselben Zuwiderhandlung – Bedingungen für die Offenlegung von Beweismitteln.#Rechtssache C-57/21.

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CELEX:62021CJ0323: Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 12 January 2023.#Staatssecretaris van Justitie en Veiligheid and K. v B. and Others.#References for a preliminary ruling – Regulation (EU) No 604/2013 – Determining the Member State responsible for examining an application for international protection – Lodging of multiple applications for international protection in three Member States – Article 29 – Time limit for transfer – Expiry – Transfer of responsibility for examining the application – Article 27 – Remedy – Scope of judicial review – Possibility for the applicant to rely on the transfer of responsibility for examining the application.#Joined Cases C-323/21 to C-325/21.

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