CELEX:62021CJ0449: Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 16 March 2023.#Towercast v Autorité de la concurrence and Ministère de l’Économie.#Reference for a preliminary ruling – Competition – Control of concentrations between undertakings – Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 – Article 21(1) – Exclusive application of that regulation to operations covered by the concept of ‘concentration’ – Scope – Concentration operation which has no Community dimension, is below the thresholds for mandatory ex ante control laid down in the law of a Member State and has not been referred to the European Commission – Control of such an operation by the competition authorities of that Member State in the light of Article 102 TFEU – Whether permissible.#Case C-449/21.